From be62f065a62048b798e8bb2b8e3699bdd5b6d517 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zirkonya <zirkonya@iridium.lan>
Date: Tue, 1 Sep 2026 09:51:18 +0200
Subject: add proc macros ; benchmark ; example

---
 src/codec/encode.rs | 336 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 1 file changed, 188 insertions(+), 148 deletions(-)

(limited to 'src/codec/encode.rs')

diff --git a/src/codec/encode.rs b/src/codec/encode.rs
index 7463995..735aa70 100644
--- a/src/codec/encode.rs
+++ b/src/codec/encode.rs
@@ -1,49 +1,36 @@
-//! Encoding: writing protocol values into a byte stream.
 use crate::codec::error::Result;
 use crate::context::Context;
-use std::{
-    collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, LinkedList, VecDeque},
-    io::Write,
-};
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, LinkedList, VecDeque};
 
 macro_rules! impl_encode {
-    (u8) => {
-        impl<Data> Encode<Data> for u8 {
-            /// write number using big endian
-            fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-                let size = buffer.write(&self.to_be_bytes())?;
-                Ok(size)
+    ($t:ty) => {
+        impl<Data> Encode<Data> for $t {
+            fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+                buffer.extend_from_slice(&self.to_be_bytes());
+                Ok(std::mem::size_of::<$t>())
             }
 
-            /// write raw bytes
-            fn encode_slice(
-                slice: &[Self],
-                buffer: &mut dyn Write,
-                _: &Context<Data>,
-            ) -> Result<usize> {
-                buffer.write(slice).map_err(Into::into)
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    ($t: ty) => {
-        impl<Data> Encode<Data> for $t {
-            /// write number using big endian
-            fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-                let size = buffer.write(&self.to_be_bytes())?;
-                Ok(size)
+            fn encode_slice(slice: &[Self], buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
+            where
+                Self: Sized,
+            {
+                let len = slice.len() * std::mem::size_of::<$t>();
+                buffer.reserve(len);
+                for item in slice {
+                    buffer.extend_from_slice(&item.to_be_bytes());
+                }
+                Ok(len)
             }
 
-            fn encode_slice(
-                slice: &[Self],
-                buffer: &mut dyn Write,
-                _: &Context<Data>,
-            ) -> Result<usize> {
-                let len = buffer.write(
-                    &slice
-                        .iter()
-                        .flat_map(|n| n.to_be_bytes())
-                        .collect::<Box<[u8]>>(),
-                )?;
+            fn encode_iter<'a, I>(iter: I, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
+            where
+                Self: 'a + Sized,
+                I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a Self>,
+            {
+                let mut len = 0;
+                for item in iter {
+                    len += item.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+                }
                 Ok(len)
             }
         }
@@ -57,7 +44,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_encode_tuples {
             $($generic: Encode<Data>),+
         {
             #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-            fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+            fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
                 let ($($generic,)+): &($($generic,)+) = self;
                 let mut len = 0;
                 $(len += $generic.encode(buffer, ctx)?;)+
@@ -67,10 +54,11 @@ macro_rules! impl_encode_tuples {
     };
 }
 
-/// Write a value into a byte stream
+/// Zero-copy encoding: writes directly into a byte buffer
 pub trait Encode<Data> {
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>;
-    fn encode_slice(slice: &[Self], buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>;
+
+    fn encode_slice(slice: &[Self], buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
     where
         Self: Sized,
     {
@@ -80,204 +68,257 @@ pub trait Encode<Data> {
         }
         Ok(len)
     }
+
+    fn encode_iter<'a, I>(iter: I, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
+    where
+        Self: 'a + Sized,
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a Self>,
+    {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for item in iter {
+            len += item.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
+    }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode arrays
+// ── Encode arrays ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for Vec<T> {
-    /// Encode each element of Vec
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the vector with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the vector with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         T::encode_slice(self, buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
 impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for VecDeque<T> {
-    /// Encode each element of VecDeque
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the VecDeque with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the VecDeque with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let (front, _) = self.as_slices();
-        T::encode_slice(front, buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let (front, back) = self.as_slices();
+        let mut len = 0;
+        len += T::encode_slice(front, buffer, ctx)?;
+        len += T::encode_slice(back, buffer, ctx)?;
+        Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
-impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for LinkedList<T>
-where
-    T: Clone,
-{
-    /// Encode each element of LinkedList (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the LinkedList with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the LinkedList with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let mut view = Vec::with_capacity(self.len());
-        view.extend(self.iter().cloned());
-        T::encode_slice(&view, buffer, ctx)
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for LinkedList<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for item in self {
+            len += item.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode slices
+// ── Encode slices ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &[T] {
-    /// Encode each element of slice (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the slice with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the slice with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         T::encode_slice(self, buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
 impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>, const S: usize> Encode<Data> for [T; S] {
-    /// Encode each element of slice (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the slice with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the slice with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         T::encode_slice(self, buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
 impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for [T] {
-    /// Encode each element of slice (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the slice with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the slice with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        T::encode_slice(self, buffer, ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Encode references to collections ────────────────────────────────────
+
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &Vec<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         T::encode_slice(self, buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode set
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &VecDeque<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let (front, back) = self.as_slices();
+        let mut len = 0;
+        len += T::encode_slice(front, buffer, ctx)?;
+        len += T::encode_slice(back, buffer, ctx)?;
+        Ok(len)
+    }
+}
 
-impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for HashSet<T>
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &LinkedList<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for item in (*self).iter() {
+            len += item.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &HashSet<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        T::encode_iter(self.iter(), buffer, ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &BTreeSet<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        T::encode_iter(self.iter(), buffer, ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for &BinaryHeap<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        T::encode_slice(self.as_slice(), buffer, ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<Data, K, V> Encode<Data> for &HashMap<K, V>
 where
-    T: Clone,
+    K: Encode<Data>,
+    V: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    /// Encode each element of HashSet (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the HashSet with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the HashSet with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let mut view = Vec::with_capacity(self.len());
-        view.extend(self.iter().cloned());
-        T::encode_slice(&view, buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for (k, v) in (*self).iter() {
+            len += k.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+            len += v.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
-impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for BTreeSet<T>
+impl<Data, K, V> Encode<Data> for &BTreeMap<K, V>
 where
-    T: Clone,
+    K: Encode<Data>,
+    V: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    /// Encode each element of BTreeSet (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the BTreeSet with number of elements
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the BTreeSet with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let mut view = Vec::with_capacity(self.len());
-        view.extend(self.iter().cloned());
-        T::encode_slice(&view, buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for (k, v) in (*self).iter() {
+            len += k.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+            len += v.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode misc
+// ── Encode set (owned) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for HashSet<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        T::encode_iter(self.iter(), buffer, ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for BTreeSet<T> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        T::encode_iter(self.iter(), buffer, ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Encode misc ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl<Data, T> Encode<Data> for BinaryHeap<T>
 where
     T: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         T::encode_slice(self.as_slice(), buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode maps
+// ── Encode maps (owned) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl<Data, K, V> Encode<Data> for HashMap<K, V>
 where
-    K: Encode<Data> + Clone,
-    V: Encode<Data> + Clone,
+    K: Encode<Data>,
+    V: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    /// Encode each element of HashMap (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the HashMap with number of pairs
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the HashMap with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let slice: Vec<(K, V)> = self.clone().into_iter().collect();
-        <(K, V) as Encode<Data>>::encode_slice(&slice, buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for (k, v) in self {
+            len += k.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+            len += v.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
 impl<Data, K, V> Encode<Data> for BTreeMap<K, V>
 where
-    K: Encode<Data> + Clone,
-    V: Encode<Data> + Clone,
+    K: Encode<Data>,
+    V: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    /// Encode each element of BTreeMap (use clone..)
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the BTreeMap with number of pairs
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the BTreeMap with encoded byte size
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let slice: Vec<(K, V)> = self.clone().into_iter().collect();
-        <(K, V) as Encode<Data>>::encode_slice(&slice, buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut len = 0;
+        for (k, v) in self {
+            len += k.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+            len += v.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
+        }
+        Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode string
+// ── Encode string ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
 impl<Data> Encode<Data> for String {
-    /// Encode the string using utf8
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the string with char length
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the string with utf8 bytes length
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         let utf8 = self.as_bytes();
-        buffer.write_all(utf8)?;
+        buffer.extend_from_slice(utf8);
         Ok(utf8.len())
     }
 }
 
 impl<Data> Encode<Data> for &str {
-    /// Encode the string using utf8
-    /// use `CountPrefix` to prefix the string with char length
-    /// use `LenPrefix` to prefix the string with utf8 bytes length
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         let utf8 = self.as_bytes();
-        buffer.write_all(utf8)?;
+        buffer.extend_from_slice(utf8);
         Ok(utf8.len())
     }
 }
 
 impl<Data, T: Encode<Data>> Encode<Data> for Option<T> {
-    /// Encode `T` if Some(T) or do nothing if None
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         match self {
-            Some(val) => {
-                let size = val.encode(buffer, ctx)?;
-                Ok(size)
-            }
+            Some(val) => val.encode(buffer, ctx),
             None => Ok(0),
         }
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode primitive
+// ── Encode primitive ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
 impl<Data> Encode<Data> for bool {
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let size = buffer.write(&[*self as u8])?;
-        Ok(size)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        buffer.push(*self as u8);
+        Ok(1)
     }
 
-    fn encode_slice(slice: &[Self], buffer: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
+    fn encode_slice(slice: &[Self], buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
     where
         Self: Sized,
     {
-        let len = buffer.write(&slice.iter().map(|n| *n as u8).collect::<Box<[u8]>>())?;
+        let len = slice.len();
+        buffer.reserve(len);
+        for &b in slice {
+            buffer.push(b as u8);
+        }
         Ok(len)
     }
 }
 
-// ~ Encode pointer
+// ── Encode pointer ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl<Data, T> Encode<Data> for std::sync::Arc<T>
 where
     T: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let data = self.as_ref();
-        data.encode(buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        self.as_ref().encode(buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
@@ -285,9 +326,8 @@ impl<Data, T> Encode<Data> for std::sync::Arc<[T]>
 where
     T: Encode<Data>,
 {
-    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut dyn Write, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
-        let data = self.as_ref();
-        data.encode(buffer, ctx)
+    fn encode(&self, buffer: &mut Vec<u8>, ctx: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+        self.as_ref().encode(buffer, ctx)
     }
 }
 
@@ -312,14 +352,14 @@ impl_encode!(f64);
 #[cfg(feature = "f128")]
 impl_encode!(f128);
 
-// ~ Encode tuple
+// ── Encode tuple ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl<Data> Encode<Data> for () {
-    fn encode(&self, _: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
+    fn encode(&self, _: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize> {
         Ok(0)
     }
 
-    fn encode_slice(_: &[Self], _: &mut dyn Write, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
+    fn encode_slice(_: &[Self], _: &mut Vec<u8>, _: &Context<Data>) -> Result<usize>
     where
         Self: Sized,
     {
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